Carburetor



Patented May 19, 1932 STATES FRANK E. BILLING, 0F LONG- lEACH, CALIFORNIA CARBURETOR Application led May 4, 1929. Serial No. 360,422.

This invention has to do with a carburetor, and it is a general object of the invention to provide a carburetor of the floatless type that isl effective in operation and '5 simple of construction.

Various classes of carburetors have been provided to mix and proportion fuel and air for internal combustion engines. Some of these devices embody float-controlled or l@ actuated valves, while another class employs other methods or means for actuatingthe fuel valves. rIhis latter class of carburetor is commonly known as the floatless type and is recognized as having desirable characteristics and features not found in the first-mentioned iioat type of carburetor. The present invention pertains to a carburetor of the floatless type and provides an improved conp struction for this type of carburetor. 2 It is an object of the invention to provide a carburetor of the ioatless type that operates to vary the proportioning of the mixture of liquid fuel and air to give a predetermined mixture at any given speed of oper- L ation. Y

It is another object of the invention to provide a carburetor that embodies a fuel valve operated in a definite manner bythe flow of air into the intake manifold of an engine.

It is another object of the invention to provide a `carburetor of the Hoatless type that is small and compact and has very few arts. Y p A furtherobject of the invention is to pro- 35 vide a carburetor of the type mentioned that is of simple construction and inexpensive of manufacture.

Anotherobject of my invention is to provide an improved manner of relating a fuel al valve and flow actuated valve in a carburetor of the type mentioned.

vIt is a further object of the invention to provide an improved operating connection between two valves in a carburetor of the "J character mentioned.

rPhe various objects and features of my invention will be best and more fully understood from the following detailed description of atypical form and application of the invention, throughout which description refer- A I will describe a formo-f the invention adaptence is had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical detailed sectional view of the carburetor provided by this invention showing it in a closed or unactuated position. 575 Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view similar to 1 showing the carburetor in an` open or actuated position. Fig. 3 is a detailed transversel sectional view taken as indicated by line 3-3 on Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detailed transverse sectional view taken as indicated by line 4 4 on Fig. l.

The carburetor provided by this invention is operable to mix and proportion air and a liquid fuel. It is particularly suited to mix a volatile liquid fuel such-as gasoline, or the like. with air, and is of such nature as to be applicable to motor vehiclev engines, and the like. In the following detailed description r ed to mix gasoline and air to form a mixture suited for use in an internal combustion engine. It is to be understood., however, that the broader nature of the invention is not to be considered limited by the particular em-y bodiment of the invention hereinafter described. i

The carburetor provided byk this invention includes, generally, a tubular body 10a fuel valveV 11 in the body, a flow actuated valve 12 in the body 10 controlled or operated by suction of an engine, means 13 operatively connecting the fuel valve 11 and the flow valve 12, a throttle valve 14 to control the amount of gaseous fuelv to be supplied to the engine, 85 and a second throttle valve or choke valve 15.

The body 1() is tubular inform, having a central longitudinalwopening 16 extendingV completely through it from one end to the other. In the case illustrated the body is 90 provided at its upper end portion with an annular flange 17 to facilitate attaching the body 10 to a stationary part of an engine. The flange illustrated has openings 18 through it to receive bolts, or the like. The upper end portion of the body 10 is adapted to be connected to the intake manifold of an engine while the lower end of the body open to receive air. A mixing chamber 19 is provided in the body betweenits ends and iid the stem 28.

is in the form of an enlargement of the opening 16. In the form of the invention illustrated the body is formed in two sections, an upper section A and a lower section B. The upper section A is enlarged or bowled at its lower end where it joins the lower section, while the lower section B is provided at its upper end with a radial flange hav ing its periphery screw threaded into the lower end of the bowled portion of the section A, as clearly shown in the drawings.v

The mixing chamber 19 is thus formed with a rounded or upwardly and inwardly curved upper part formed by the bowled portion of section A and with a flat bottom formed by the flange 20.

The fuel valve 11 is preferably of the needle type and is arranged to admit liquid fuel into the body 10 below the mixing'chamber 19. The` valve 11 consists of two main parts: a valve seat 21 in the section B of the body, and a valve proper 24 arranged transversely of the opening 16v in the section B to cooperate with the seat. The Vseat 21 is a cylindrical part screw threaded into an opening 23 in the wall of the section B and has a comparatively small opening 25 in its inner end. The walls of the opening 25 diverge outwardly int-o the opening 16 of the body. The opening 25 is provided to discharge liquid fuel into the body and is formed to receive the needle valve 24. The outer end part of the seat 21 is provided with a screw-threaded opening V27 adapted to receive a fuel supply conduit. The valve proper 24 has an outwardly converging b'odv round in cross sec tion to cooperate with the divergent opening 25 ofthe seat. Y

i rIhe valve 24 is provided with a stem 28 slidably carried in a guide 29. The stem 28 is comparatively 10119.'. extending transverse` ly through the opening 16 and outwardly beyond the section Bof the body. The guide 29 is a cylindrical member'and may be-screw threaded into .an opening' 29a in the section B, as shown in the drawings. The guide 29 preferably extends into the opening 16 to a point beyond the center of the opening and projects a substantial distance fromI the exterior of the body 10 so that it carries the entire stein. A longitudinal openingr 30 ex tends completely through the guide729 and is sufficiently large Vin diameter to freely pass A sleeve 31 is screw threaded into the outer end part of the opening 30 and slidably carries the stem 28. The stern 28 is provided with an enlarge-d part 32 adjacent the valve proper` 24. The enlarged part 32 slidably fits in the opening 3() of the' guide and operates in the guide at approximately the center of theV opening 16. A helical spring 33 is arranged under compression in the opening 30 between the inner end of the sleeve 31 and the enlarged part 32 of the stem to normally urge the valve proper 24 to a closed position.

The flow actuated valve 12 is provided to operate the fuel valve 11 and is itself actuated by flow through the body or by the suction action of the engine. The valve 12 is arranged in the opening 16 of the body above the fuel valve 11, and is preferably a poppet type of valve. ln the preferred form of the invention the valve 12 is positioned at the lower ,end of the mixing chamber 19. The valve 12 consists of a valve body 34 in the form of a flat disc having a beveled sealing face 35 at its periphery to cooperate with a beveled seat 36 formed in the body 10. The valve'has a stem 37 projecting upwardly from the body 34 into the mixing chamber 19. The seat 36 may be formed in the body opposite the flange 2O so that the valve body 34 forms a closure for the lower part of the mixing chamber 19. The stem 37 projects upwardly froml the valve body 34 and extends into an opening 39 in a web or guide 4() extending transversely through the mixing chamber 19. The guide 40is comparatively narrow and does not materially interfere with the flow of air or gas through the mix-- ing chamber 19. The valve body 34 is normally held closed by a helical spring 41 arranged betweenthe top of the valve body and the guide 40.

The means 13 operatively connecting the fuel valve 11 and the flow actuated valve 12 is preferably in the form of cam means., A cam part 42 projectsdownwardly from the valve body 34 and cooperates with the stem 28 of the fuel valve 11. The'cain part 42 may have a round part screw threaded through the valvev body 34. I have shown the cani part 42 as being screw threaded through thc center of the valve body 34 and have shown the stem 37 as being an extension on the upper endy of the cam part. A locking nut 43 may be provided on the threaded part to lock the valve body 34 and the cam part securely together. v

v The cam part 42Y projects downwardly from the valve body 34 and extends through vertically aligned slots 46 in the `guide 29 and a slot 4'? in the enlarged part 32 of the stem l 28. The lower end portion of the cam part is provided with opposite flat sides 45 which engage the side walls of the slots 46 and 47. This guides the cam partand prevents rotation ofthe cam part-42. A cam face 49 is 73 provided on th-e cam part to engage the stein 28. The cam face is preferably fiat and extends longitudinallv of the cam part 42. The cam face 49 is designed so that it moves the stem in and out as the cam part 42 moves i i upl and down. The configuration of the face 49 determines the relationship of these movements. The cam face 49 is opposed to the needle valve 24, that is, it faces awau from the needle valve and toward the outer end of the stem 28. The slot 47 in the enlarged part 32 is made long enough to allow for the desired movement of the valve 24. A follower 50 in the form of a roller rotatably mounted on a pin 52 extending transversely through the slot is provided to cooperatively engage the cam face 49. The cam face 49 and follower 50 are related so that they are always in engagement. The spring 33 urges the follower against the cam face 49. In the case illustrated the cam face 49 is inclined to extend upwardly and inwardly. Upward movement of the cam part 42 causes the in# clined cam face 49 to force the stem 28 outwardly, thus opening the needle fuel valve 11. When the ow valve 12 returns to the closed position, the cam part moves downwardly and the spring 33 returns the needle valve 24 to the seat 21. The amount that the fuel valve 11 is opened by a given movement of the flow valve 12 is governed by the configuration of the cam face 49.

rIhe throttle valve 14. which is manually operated to control the flow through the carburetor, may be any suitable form of valve. In the drawings I have illustrated a form of throttle valve in general use in carburetors. The valve 14 illustrated is in the form of a circular disc positioned in the opening 16 above the mixing chamber 19 operable to close the opening. The valve 14 is mounted on a rotatable shaft or pin and is adaptedto allow varying amounts of air or .gaseous mirtures to pass through the opening 16. The valve 14 controls the operation of the flow valve 12 and the fuel valve 1l. by controlling the flow through the body.

A choke valve 15 may be provided to close the opening 16 below the fuel valve 11 to control the admission of air into the carburetor. By operating the choke valve to limit the amount of air entering the opening 16, the proportioning of the liquid fuel entering the carburetor and the air entering the opening 16 may be varied to suit different operating conditions. The choke valve 15 may be of any type. In the drawings I have shown the choke valve 15 as being in the form of a flat circular disc of substantially the same diameter as the opening 16. The valve 15 is pivotally mounted in the section B on a shaft 15a.

In operation the carburetor provided by the invention is connected to the intake manifold of an engine by means of suitable bolts or screws passing through the openings 13 in the flange 17. The suction in the manifold, generated by the engine, tends to draw air through the body of the carburetor and cause the flow actuated valve 12 to open. The opening of the valve 12 causes the cam part. 42 to` 65 'through the carburetor. Ordinarily the choke valve 15 will need to be operated only when starting the engine. The sleeve 31 provides an adjustmentk for. the pressure on the spring 33 and the threaded engagement betweenthe valve 34 and the cam part 42 provides for adjusting the relation of the fuel valve 11 and flow actuated valve 12. The configuration of the cam face 49 definitely determines the operation of the fuel .valve fromv the flow actuated valve. A cam of proper design will automatically vary the proportioning of the mixture of fuel and air as the engine speed varies, giving any proportioning that may be desired.

The carburetor provided by this invention is extremely simple and inexpensive of manufacture and will operate for a long period without requiring adjustment. T here are but few working parts in the device and these are designed and formed to operate with very little wear.V v l Having-described only a typical, preferred form of my invention, I do not wish to limit myself wto the specific details set forth, but wishrto reserve to lmyself anyr changesY or variations that may appear to those skilled in the art or fall within the scope of the following claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A carburetor including, a tubular body having an enlarged upper portion forming a mixing chamber, a valveseat on the interior of the body at the lower end of the mixing chamber, a fuel valve for controlling a port discharging into the body at a point spaced below the. mixing chamber, a stem on the fuel valve, a flow actuated valve in the mixing chamber adapted to cooperate with the seat and operable out of cooperation with the seat by the flow of fluid through the body, and means operatively connecting the valves including, a cam operatively engaging the stem ofthe fuel valve, and an adjustable connection between the cam and the flow actuated valve whereby the fuel valve and the flow actuated valve may have the desired relative operation.

2. A carburetor including, a tubular body having an enlarged upper portion forming a mixing chamber, a valve seat on the inte rior of the body at the lower end of the mixing chamber, a fuel valve for controlling the port discharging into the body at a point spaced below the mixing chamber, a stem on the fuel valve, a flow actuated valve in the mixing chamber adapted to cooperate with the seat and operable out of cooperation with and means operatively connecting the valves including, a cam operatively engaging the stem ofthe fuel valve, and an adjustable screw-threaded connection between the cam and the flow actuated valve whereby the fuel n the seat by the flow of fluid through the body,

valve and the flow actuated valve may have the desired relative operation.

3. A carburetor including', a tubular body having an enlarged upper portion forming a mixing chamber, a valve seat onthe interi-or of the body atthe loWer end of the mixing chamber, a fuel valve for controlling a port discharginginto the body' at a point spaced below the mixing chamber, a stem on the fuel valve, a flow actuated valve in the mixing chamber adapted to cooperate with the Seat and operable out of cooperation with the seat by the flow of fluid through the body, 1nean`s` yieldingly urging the flow actuated valve into engagement with the seat, and means operatively connecting the valves including, a cam operatively yengaging the'stem of the fuel valve, and an adjustable connection between the cam andthe flow actuated valve whereby the fuel valve and the How actuated valve may have the desired relative operation.

4. A carburetor including, a tubular body having an enlarged upper portion forming a mixing chamber, a valve seat on the interior of the body at the lower end ofthe mixing chamber, a fuel Valve for controlling aI port discharging into the body at a point spaced below the mixing chamber, a stem on the fuel valve, a flow actuated valve in the mixing chamber adapted to cooperate with ther Seat' and operable out of cooperation with the seat by the flow of fluid through the body, and means operatively connecting the valves including, a cam operatively engaging the stem of the fuel Valve, means for maintaining the cam and stem in cooperative engagement, and an adjustable connection between the Cam and the flow actuated valve whereby the fuel valve and the flow actuated valve may have the desired relative operation.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my naine this 27th day of April, 1929.

FRANKV E. FILLING.

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